To protect retail investors from the bail-in rule, we propose that banks should issue subordinated "contractual bail-in instruments", as defined in the BRRD, for an amount (together with Tier1 capital) at least equal to 8% of their liabilities. We support our argument by means of a theoretical...

In this paper we study interdependencies between corporate foreign investment and the capital structure of banks. By committing to invest predominantly at home, firms can reduce the credit default risk of their lending banks. Therefore, banks can refinance loans to a larger extent through...

On 3 December EY hosted a SUERF conference on banking reform with Sir Howard Davies, the Chairman of RBS, and Dame Colette Bowe, the Chairman of the Banking Standards Board, as the two keynote speakers. Professor David Miles (Imperial College) gave the SUERF 2015 Annual Lecture on Capital and...

It has been argued that higher capital requirements are not expensive for the banking system, by exploiting a renewed edition of a standard argument from corporate finance, the Modigliani-Miller theorem (1958 and 1963). However, the M&M model must be carefully analysed before endorsing the...

Do heightened capital requirements impose private costs on banks by adversely affecting their cost of capital? And if so, does the effect differ across different groups of banks? Using an international sample of listed banks over the period from 1990 to 2017, I find that equity investors adjust...