Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute considerably to Germany's carbon emissions, regional savings and cooperative banks - SMEs' most important financiers - hardly consider this aspect in lending to these businesses. However, given Germany's commitment to climate...

We quantify how banks' funding costs affect their lending behavior directly, and indirectly by feeding back to their net worth. For identification, we exploit banks' heterogeneous liability structure and the existence of regulated deposits in France whose rates are set by the government. Using...

In this study, we evaluate the impact of Loan Loss provisions (LLP) on profitability ratios and income smoothing in the conventional banking sector of Pakistan. While there was no prior research that have been observed that the impact of loan loss provisions in the conventional banking sector of...