Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Sub-prime Lending Enters the Financial Vocabulary -- The Global Extension -- Commercial Property Market Context -- Past UK Experience -- A Worldwide Phenomenon -- Commercial...

The Ministry of Finance has proposed a temporary capital requirement (risk weight floor) for commercial real estate (CRE) exposures in Norway, applicable to the largest banks. CRE is the sector where banks have historically incurred the largest losses during crises. Since CRE loan losses are low...

We show that banks "extended-and-pretended" their impaired CRE mortgages in the post-pandemic period to avoid writing off their capital, leading to credit misallocation and a buildup of financial fragility. We detect this behavior using loan-level supervisory data on maturity extensions, bank...