robust. But, in a situation where a bank is in difficulty or fails, the need to ensure that customers can continue to make … achieve minimal disruption to payment flows in the event that a bank gets into difficulty or fails — a subject the authorities …

international subsidiary locations and risk of U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs). We find that U.S. BHCs are more likely to operate …

This paper examines how the capital structure of non-financial firms is affected by international variation in bank … regulation. A concise model yields an estimating equation that relates a firm's capital structure to bank regulatory variables … and their interactions with the tax rate reflecting the tax deductibility of interest. We identify an effect of bank …