selected other countries. We document how changes in the ATM market regulation and market structure has decoupled the ATM … network size from the declining cash use in Finland. The Finnish regulation has almost exclusively focused on foreign fees …, while in general it would be better to regulate interchange fees. If the optimal fee regulation is not feasible, the …

Reforms of financial regulation after the crisis of 2007-2009 raise the question of what is the relation between … financial regulators and competition authorities. Should competition authorities play a role in financial regulation? Should …-specific regulation involves authorities actually prescribing desired modes of behavior. The ongoing nature of relations makes regulators …