This paper deals with the risk management of savings accounts. Savings accounts are non-maturing accounts bearing a relatively attractive rate of return and two embedded options: a customer's option to withdraw money at any time and a bank's option to set the deposit as it wishes. The risk...

The Basel II Accord requires that banks and other Authorized Deposit-taking Institutions (ADIs) communicate their daily risk forecasts to the appropriate monetary authorities at the beginning of each trading day, using one or more risk models to measure Value-at-Risk (VaR). The risk estimates of...

Little is known about the location of bank risk, i.e., which investors in which countries hold bank-issued securities like bonds and stocks. In this paper, we analyze the (re-)distribution of bank risk across asset classes (short- and long-term debt, equity), across investor types and across...

Risk and return play a central role in financial theory. Return is easily measurable and is a percentage number indicating by how much the value of an investment or asset has changed from the previous period. But how should risk be measured? Over longer holding periods, return generation is...

As stress testing becomes more and more widespread as a risk measurement tool of choice, new questions are formulated about its applications to portfolio management. One of the most important ones for fund managers is: ‘How do we analyze results of stress tests for benchmarked portfolios?' We...

Mutual fund risk-taking via active portfolio rebalancing varies both in the cross-section and over time. In this paper, I show that the same is true for funds' off- balance sheet risk-taking, even after controlling for on-balance sheet activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of...

Mutual fund risk-taking via active portfolio rebalancing varies both in the crosssection and over time. In this paper, I show that the same is true for funds' off- balance sheet risk-taking, even after controlling for on-balance sheet activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of...

The investment fund sector has expanded dramatically since the crisis of 2008-2009. As the sector grows, so do the implications of its risk-taking for the wider financial system and real economy. This paper provides empirical evidence for the existence of widespread risk-taking incentives in the...

In modern frameworks for financial regulation such as Basel III, IV as well as Solvency II, financial institutions are regulated to maintain a certain level of capital to prepare for potential future losses. In this paper, we take the perspective of a regulator who designs regulatory capital...

Purpose: SME sector credit risk has received attention in research from several dimensions of the financial system. SME sector's funding is mainly supplied by financial institutions and SME sector is both diversified and large sector in both well developed and less developed economies. Specific...