The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has stipulated the Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Framework in order to ensure the adequacy of banks' internal control system and improve their quality. The PCA framework for Indian bank complies with the Core Banking Principles laid down by the Bank for...

We analyze the root causes of the current crisis by studying the determinants of bank lending standards in the Euro Area using the answers from the confidential Bank Lending Survey, where national central banks request quarterly information on the lending standards banks apply to customers. We...

Rapid credit growth seems to precede many episodes of banking crises in both advanced and emerging market economies including the recent global financial crisis of 2007-09. All episodes of high credit growth are not followed by crisis, however. We argue that credit growth is more likely to lead...

A number of countries' authorities put in place bank rescue packages using public funds in response to the global financial crisis. Were these public recapitalizations followed by a reduction of risk in banks' loan books? To answer this question, in this paper the balance sheets and syndicated...

We analyse the effects of supranational versus national banking supervision on credit supply, and its interactions with monetary policy. For identification, we exploit: (i) a new, proprietary dataset based on 15 European credit registers; (ii) the institutional change leading to the...

We show that borrowing firms benefit substantially from important enforcement actions issued on U.S. banks for safety and soundness reasons. Using hand-collected data on such actions from the main three U.S. regulators and syndicated loan deals over the years 1997-2014, we find that enforcement...

Balance sheet profits declined markedly in January-July 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 mainly because of resumed growth in loan loss provisions. A positive factor was represented by growth in net interest income and in profits from regular banking operations

Formal enforcement actions issued against banks for violations of laws and regulations related to safety and soundness can theoretically have both positive and negative effects on the terms of lending. Using data on such enforcement actions issued against U.S. banks, we show that they have a...

We study risk based capital requirements in a monopolistic competition, general equilibrium model. Banks may invest in suboptimal gambling assets rather than risky assets (which we interpret as lending to firms). Capital requirements are used to address this moral hazard problem but may...

This paper examines the expansion of credit in the UK over the years 1997-2007 and the subsequent loan losses on UK sterling lending. This was a substantial credit expansions especially in lending secured on property. This led to only relatively modest losses for UK banks on residential mortgage...