countries experiencing systemic banking crises on profitability, credit, and the performance of borrower firms. Crisis exposures … reduce bank returns and tighten credit conditions for borrowers, constraining investment and growth. The effects are larger …

This paper examines the expansion of credit in the UK over the years 1997-2007 and the subsequent loan losses on UK … sterling lending. This was a substantial credit expansions especially in lending secured on property. This led to only …' shadow banking, using the modern tools of securitisation and credit risk transfer in order to create money-like substitutes …

This paper studies episodes in which aggregate bank credit contracts alongside expanding economic activity-credit …--on average, they occur every five years. By comparison, banking crises take place every eight years on average. Credit reversals …