At issue in the debate over the renewal of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) of 1977 are the various yardsticks regulators use to judge whether individual institutions are meeting the credit and service needs of low- and moderate-income (LMI) communities. Based on careful examination of new...

The present discussions about the future of bank regulation, coming after a long period of bank deregulation, have a natural tendency to exaggerate the effectiveness of regulation. But those discussions are poorly rooted in the macroeconomic foundations of bank intermediation, including its...

Authoritative guidance for navigating inevitable financial market regulation The reform of this country's financial regulation will be one of the most significant legislative programs in a generation. Financial Regulation and The Markets: A Guide to Understanding Today's Environment outlines...