-national directors and proportion of their attained education on four different bank risk proxies. We build a unique data set comprising … increase bank risk measured by profit volatility and decrease bank stability captured by Z-score. Similarly, a larger … proportion of directors holding an MBA raises bank riskiness measured by profit volatility. On the other hand, the presence of …

sources of systemic risk: (i) linkages between local banks, and (ii) linkages between a foreign par- ent bank and its local … foreign parent bank to its local subsidiary is substantially smaller than the risk between two local banks. …