risks posed by individual banks but also, importantly, those posed by nonbanks and the system as a whole. The recent …

estimate CE and PE of German banks between 1993 and 2003. Our main findings are threefold. First, after accounting for … systematic differences across banks, mean CE is sensitive to alternative input prices. Second, distortions of mean PE due to … traditional input prices are small. Third, across CE models small cooperative banks located in large western states are identified …

banks and analyze whether efficiency measures yield consistent results according to five criteria between 1993 and 2004 …. Furthermore, our results show that accounting for systematic differences among commercial, cooperative and savings banks is …

Banks continue to differ in many ways, for instance with respect to business models, growth strategies, or financial … multiple technology regimes and group membership probabilities. The latter are conditioned on six bank traits of German banks … and we identify four signifficantly different technology regimes. Only small, retail focused banks exhibit cost …