We review the responses of the Federal Reserve to financial crises over the past 100 years. The authors of the Federal Reserve Act in 1913 created an institution that they hoped would prevent banking panics from occurring. When this original framework did not prevent the banking panics of the...

In addition to its central banking responsibilities, the Federal Reserve System also plays an important role in correspondent banking. The twelve Federal Reserve banks supply services, including check collection, wire transfer of funds, provision of currency and coin, and safekeeping of...

This paper uses Whiteman's(1986) frequency-domain optimization methodology to parameterize the precommitment period in a standard rational expectations policy design model. This allows researchers to adopt an empirical approach to the time consistency issue. That is, the operative commitment...