This publication examines the innovation system in pharmaceutical biotechnology in eight OECD countries - Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway and Spain. The report summarises the results of in-depth studies, providing a comparative analysis of participating...

What are the specific characteristics of innovation in pharmaceutical biotechnology? How do biopharmaceutical innovation systems in OECD countries perform and which policies are suitable to foster performance?. This publication examines the innovation system in pharmaceutical biotechnology in...

In addition to traditional, cluster-oriented approaches, both cross-sectional technologies ("key enabling technologies") and societal challenges ("grand challenges") are becoming increasingly important for regional innovation strategies. A more complex, multi-dimensional approach of regional...