This study explores the relationships among Industry 4.0 technologies, their application areas, and the involvement of Russian manufacturing firms in global and domestic value chains. We apply logit and multinomial logit regressions using an original survey dataset of approximately 1700 Russian...

In this policy brief, we study the development of trade integration, specifically the participation in global value chains, of the Western Balkan countries. Using a multi-country input-output Database, called the 'wiiw MC IOD', we first analyse in a descriptive way the trends in economic...

This working paper introduces the concept of Trade in Value Added (TiVA) and presents an initial analysis of TiVA for selected regional ESCAP economies. The paper introduces Global Value Chains (GVCs) and issues for the measurement of trade statistics due to proliferation of GVCs. It further...

One of the main stylised facts that has emerged from the recent literature on global value chains is that bilateral trade imbalances in gross terms can differ substantially from those measured in value added terms. However, the factors underlying the extent and sign of the differences between...