Despite decades of research on how, why, and when companies manage earnings, there is a paucity of evidence about the geographic location of earnings management within multinational firms. In this study, we examine where companies manage earnings using a sample of 2,067 U.S. multinational firms...

This paper examines whether book-tax differences help explain audit fees. By attesting to the fair representation of financial information, auditors are an important intermediary in financial statement users' trust and understanding of financial information. Our evidence that large book-tax...