Pakistan's education system faces long-standing problems in access, quality, and equal opportunity at every level …: primary and secondary schools, higher education and vocational education. In spite of recent encouraging trends, such as the … rapid spread of private schooling and an expansion of higher education opportunities, systemic reform remains stubbornly …

This paper analyses the dramatic spread of education and healthcare in Asia and also the large variations in that … and private spending have generated a pattern of nested disparities in the access to education and healthcare between rich …. However, as the better-off regions, areas, and households approach the upper limits of achievable education and health …

claimed that hisGovernment would make education a priority. The first part of thepaper reviews the scale of education spending … in relation to theeconomy at large and within the education budget. The second part ofthe paper looks at the productivity … education, theintroduction of income related loans to cover maintenance and up frontfees. The paper concludes some serious …

This paper evaluates the impact of three major expansions in leave coverage in Germany on the long-run education and …

impact teachers unions have on American education. To give structure to that effort, this article analyses the unions …

The paper examines the effect of population ageing on public education spending. On the one hand, ageing is expected to … have a negative effect on education, as an increasing number of retirees results in ‘intergenerational conflict' and, hence …, the condemnation of education expenditure. On the other hand, ageing, in combination with pay-as-you-go pension systems …

The total return to higher education is the rate of return based on earnings plus non-monetary private and social … benefits beyond earnings that captures higher education's contribution to development.A theory of endogenous development offers … a new scholarly contribution where firm and household production with education externalities and the endogeneity of new …

In this paper we examine the effect of the demographic transition on public education, pension spending and the …, alongside population ageing, offers incentives for the working-age generation to invest in the public education of the young in … that the increasing share of elderly people has non-linear effects on both retirement and education spending. The former …

Education is often promoted as the solution to poverty in the developing world. Yet, fiscal discipline has led to … reductions in public spending on education. We examine the poverty impacts of a cut in public subsidies to higher education … and complex impacts through various channels: a direct increase in the private costs of higher education, a reduction in …