The foundations for successful child development are established in early childhood. Two main policy approaches for strengthening these foundations have been subsidized preschool programs and programs targeting the home environment. Our chapter reviews a large body of empirical work...

The long-run impact on earnings of motivational and social factors is assessed using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Our analyses use a sample of men first observed in their 20s and relates their social and motivational traits to labor-market attainments measured 15-25 years...