skills in literacy and numeracy remains high. Indeed, in some countries the return for such skills, in the form of higher … need robust evidence in order to devise interventions that genuinely improve basic skills, not just of new school leavers … achieves a minimum level of literacy and numeracy. …

skills in literacy and numeracy remains high. Indeed, in some countries the return for such skills, in the form of higher … need robust evidence in order to devise interventions that genuinely improve basic skills, not just of new school leavers … achieves a minimum level of literacy and numeracy. …

because education policy is decided by each of ten provincial governments. This paper investigates neglected issues related … provinces and years, provide evidence on the SES gradient in literacy and numeracy competencies. Second, gradients are estimated …

used by the Ministry of Education in 2021 to establish a “stoplight” system for in-person instruction. Using administrative … differences over time in the warning index to estimate the effects of the pandemic on dropout, promotion, and school switching … younger children in initial and primary education. The results are robust to specification choice, multiple hypothesis …

We show that Progress 8 is a reliable measure of school effectiveness and that parents often do not apply to their most … effective local school. …