-heaping method. We place special emphasis on the gender gap in numeracy and its determinants. In particular, we test the validity of … a U-hypothesis of gender equality, implying that gender equality in numeracy declines at initial stages of development … and increases again with higher numeracy levels. The U-shaped pattern is strongly confirmed by our data. …

The transition from economic stagnation to sustained growth is often modelled thanks to population-induced productivity …

that the influence of environment on optimal growth in the long-run may be explained by the detrimental effect of pollution … on life expectancy. It also shows that, in such a case, greener preferences are growth- and welfare-improving even if the …

vote for women's rights, which in turn promotes growth in human capital and income per capita. -- women's rights …

, and discusses their interaction with national and regional growth patterns. While initial educational conditions …

vote for women's rights, which in turn promotes growth in human capital and income per capita …