of primary education on school enrollment, drop-outs and completion rates. The empirical results show that for children … in elementary school one additional grade of primary education has a negative impact on enrollment rate, while the effect … underdeveloped countries parents do not have incentive to send children to school given the high perceived present economic value of …

Munich. It consists of four distinct empirical essays that address various aspects of how school curricula affect students in …-stakes occupational choices. Chapter 4 exemplifies that school curricula reforms can also have unintended consequences by showing that a … reform of education standards in math and English has negative spillovers on student achievement in science. Finally, Chapter …

for sixth graders after the 1996 reform, suggest that the choice of the proficiency standard in such accountability …