/16 years across 13 European countries. Both instrumental variables and school fixed effects are used for identification …. Omitting school fixed effects, as in some existing IV studies of peer effects, is shown to lead to substantial overestimates …

This paper explores the process that links low achievement, school exclusion and involvement in crime among African …-Caribbean boys and young men. Based on qualitative interviews with pupils and teachers at a pioneering secondary school in London and … key aspects of 'trouble at school' and ways in which this can lead to 'trouble on the street'. When students experience …

This paper examines the effects of an increase in the compulsory school leaving age on the teenage fertility of Roma … precise to the week. We find that longer schooling decreases the probability of getting pregnant during the school year but …

improves academic outcomes. We estimate the cognitive returns to high school quality using administrative data on a high … barely above and below high school admission thresholds. Results indicate that while peer quality improves significantly … evidence suggests that the returns to high school quality are driven by teacher quality, rather than peer quality or class size …