Previous research has shown that norms around the role of women in society could help explain the gender gap in … combined with birth certificates we uncover important heterogeneity in the transmission of gender biases within the family. We … find that gender role norms can explain the lower performance of girls in mathematics only in relatively affluent White …

-countries, we find that the positive association between the female-male gender gap in math test scores (which on average favors … boys) and alternative measures of gender equality vanishes in OECD countries once we account for country fixed effects. Our … relationship between the gender gap in math and female empowerment. Interestingly, our analysis for non-OECD countries uncovers a …

While gender gaps in average math performance are close to zero in developed countries, women are still strongly … wide range of societal inequalities that are not directly related to gender. It is also observed in other parts of the … science and reading. Such findings highlight how differences in socio-economic and cultural factors can affect gender gaps in …

Languages differ in the degree to which they employ gender distinctions for nouns and pronouns. Speaking a more … gendered language may highlight gender in the mind of the speaker, leading to more pronounced gender roles, and is associated … literature by showing that speaking a more highly gendered language is also associated with a greater gender gap in educational …

Previous research has shown that norms around the role of women in society could help explain the gender gap in … combined with birth certificates we uncover important heterogeneity in the transmission of gender biases within the family. We … find that gender role norms can explain the lower performance of girls in mathematics only in relatively affluent White …

In their seminal article, Guiso et al. (2008) uncover a positive relationship between several measures of gender … equality and the math gender gap (which tends to favor boys) by exploiting cross-sectional variation in PISA test scores from … between the female-male gender gap in math test scores and several measures of gender equality vanishes in OECD countries once …

Languages use different systems for classifying nouns. Gender languages assign nouns to distinct sex-based categories …, masculine and feminine. We construct a new data set, documenting the presence or absence of grammatical gender in more than 4 …-country relationship between prevalence of gender languages and women's labor force participation and educational attainment. We replicate …

own-gender peers who are depressed. We find a significant peer effect for females but not for males. An increase of one … standard deviation of the share of own-gender peers (schoolmates) who are depressed increases the probability of depression in …