This paper investigates parental time investment in children prior to formal schooling as a source of intergenerational …

educational inequalities among children have increased or remained the same since the school closures of spring 2020 due to the … period of school closures. For the period thereafter, however, we assume that parents with a low level of education had more … COVID-19 pandemic. Our perspective is longitudinal: We compare the amount of time children in secondary schools spent on …

We investigate the time investment in cognitive and non-cognitive childcare activities by parents with different …

formation of children. To this end, we exploit a nationwide reform that mandated Swedish municipalities to offer childcare … access for infants' older siblings, while parents were on parental leave to care for their infants. Survey data on childcare … effects on the children's 6th grade test scores, but we find evidence of positive effects on test scores for sons of less than …

regarding the quantity and quality of parental time investment on the skill formation of their children. Traditional models of … household behavior have failed to account for the differential behavior of parents with respect to skill formation of their … children vis-à-vis home production. This paper finds that, similarly to higher-income countries, there is a positive education …

activities are explained by two factors: (i) that center care replaces time that parents spend with the child but are doing other …

attractiveness of migration for educated children. Consistent with the model, in response to the treatment we find declines in school … enrollment among children that parents reported wanting to remain home at baseline. Children that parents want to migrate have … increased enrollment, and parents want more children to migrate …