ethanol production for 2025 reduces U.S. petroleum input use by 1.75%, and would have negligible net effects on CO2 emissions …; and although EU imports of Brazilian ethanol may look better given the high costs of other alternatives, this option is …

innovation systems, this study explores the process of innovation of biofuel ethanol in the U.S. and in Brazil. It uses "process … theory" to build a narrative of historical events that represent the innovation trajectory of ethanol biofuel in the U.S. and … users and markets. For example, the automobile sector has been participating actively in the ethanol technological …

blending, or blend above themandate and sell their excess RINs. Because some refiners should have lower ethanol sourcingcosts … than others, it is expected that they will be able to trade RINs, therefore decreasing totalmandate compliance costs.Ethanol … ethanol supply chain may influence the RINs market.This thesis analyzes the role of logistics in the ethanol supply chain …

security and independence, Brazil has supported the production and use of ethanol. Brazil's leadership in this market reveals … complex inter-linkages between ethanol, sugarcane, sugar and fossil fuels. These sectors have been growing an average of 14 … second, an increase in ethanol prices by 2.6%, based on the expectation that biofuels' world demand is increasing. …