Proof-of-Stake consensus algorithm solves major drawbacks of PoW blockchain network including high energy consumption … economic framework for PoS blockchain network based on staking pool optimization problem and evaluate stake concentration in … the network. We prove that stake concentration is encouraged in a finite staking pool PoS blockchain network, but …

In the blockchain world, proof-of-work is the dominant protocol mechanism that determines the consensus of the ledger …. The hashrate, a measure of the computational power directed toward securing a blockchain through proof-of-work consensus … the security outcome of the Bitcoin blockchain. We use vector error correction modeling to analyze the endogenous …

, blockchain and smart contracts. For Chapter 1 (Introduction), see https://ssrn.com/abstract=3135021. For Chapter 2 (Means of … Rich Land of Crypto), see https://ssrn.com/abstract=3135057. For Chapter 6 (Smart Contracts and Blockchain), see https …

In this chapter we discuss the use of blockchain technology for enterprises, including governments. 7.1. Distributed … database: what is it and what for? 7.2. Limitation of Bitcoin’s blockchain for enterprise use. 7.3. Consensus for permissioned … distributed systems. 7.4. Enterprise blockchain solutions. 7.5. Government applications. For Chapter 1 (Introduction), see https …

In this chapter we discuss smart contracts and functionalities they afford, especially in combination with blockchain … on Ethereum. 6.2.2. What do smart contracts need a blockchain for? 6.3. Tokens. 6.3.1. What are tokens? 6.3.2. Use of … ownership problems. 6.5.2. New markets enabled by NFTs. 6.6. DAPPS. 6.7 Blockchain governance, DAPPS and smart contracts. For …

in 2009. This article presents an overview of cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology, and their applications, explaining … payments; cryptocurrencies, blockchain, and the double-spending problem of digital money; decentralized finance; and central …

the Blockchain made it possible to fill his vision with life. Cryptocurrencies (abbr. cryptos) came up and widened the …