The problem of determining the cost of equity is crucial to the development of organizations. It is an essential means of calculating value creation. The financial literature has proposed several models for estimating the cost of equity, such as the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). However,...

The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between market and accounting measures of risk and the profitability of companies listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. An important aspect of the study was to employ accounting beta coefficients as a systematic risk measure. The...

In the modern literature, the audit opinion is defined as a certificate that accompanies the financial statements of companies.The audit opinion is important because it provides an answer as to whether companies' financial statements are free from material misstatement.Although in the Republic...

This study investigated the effect of adjustment announcement of predicted profit on price and stocks trading volume of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange, in order to determine whether the declaration of adjusted earnings forecast have effect on the two parameters of price and trading...