The public policies on mass transit and other economic policies have been unable to avoid increasing mass transit costs and urban bus fares, which places a burden on a majority of the population depending on public transit. This study analyzes the variations in urban bus fares and households...

In this study we calculate the optimal commodity tax structure for Brazil. The micro-simulations are based on a complete demand system estimated with a flexible functional form [Almost Ideal Demand System, by Deaton and Muellbauer (1980)]. The data source is a 1995/96 national household budget...

Commodity taxes play an important role in Brazil and raise around 60% of the total tax revenue. This heavy reliance renders commodity taxation one of the main tools available to the government for collecting revenue and securing redistribution. In fact, Brazilian income inequity is one of the...

Taxation of cross-border services has been identified as a high priority issue in the United Nations (UN) negotiations to establish a new global framework for tax. This paper analyses the defects of international tax rules as applied to services, and their exploitation by multinational...

Following renewed academic and policy interest in the destination-based principle for taxing profits-particularly through a destination-based cash flow tax (DBCFT)-this paper studies other forms of efficient destination-based taxes. Specifically, it analyzes the Destination-Based Allowance for...

Following renewed academic and policy interest in the destination-based principle for taxing profits—particularly through a destination-based cash flow tax (DBCFT)—this paper studies other forms of efficient destination-based taxes. Specifically, it analyzes the Destination-Based Allowance...

At a 2019 retirement security conference in Brazil, one of the authors proposed that Brazil introduce a low-cost, low-risk, simple and liquid bond innovation: “SeLFIES”—Standard of Living indexed, Forward-starting, Income-only Securities. SeLFIES would serve as the relative safe asset for...

At a 2019 retirement security conference in Brazil, one of the authors proposed that Brazil introduce a low-cost, low-risk, simple and liquid bond innovation: “SeLFIES”—Standard of Living indexed, Forward-starting, Income-only Securities. SeLFIES would serve as the relative safe asset for...

Using longitudinal data for a panel of Brazilian personal income tax returns between 2011 and 2017 we estimate the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) before and after deductions of personal income tax and calculate optimal taxation levels. The behavioral response is examined using a natural...

Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to...