This text analyzes Brazilian families spending with public and private urban transport based on family budget surveys conducted by IBGE in 2003 and 2009. It was observed that on average Brazilian families spend about 15% of their income on urban transportation. Private transport expenses are...

The economic literature postulates that to the extent that an industry is concentrated it will tend to exhibit relatively higher returns on invested capital (Kupfer and Hasenclever, 2002; Tirole, 1988). Martins et al (2004) have shown that the Brazilian interstate passenger transportation (BIPT)...

This article analyzes how forest resources have been used in Brazil since 1930, in an attempt to prove two hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that the destruction of our forests and the unsustainable use of the remaining forests have always been linked to the developmental policies adopted in...