systematic risk is highly nonlinear in extreme scenarios-especially during the subprime crisis. We find that countercyclical …-traditional risk premia by deliberately increasing their systematic risk while the later focus more on minimizing risk. Our results … suggest that the hedge fund strategies' betas respond more to illiquidity uncertainty than to illiquidity risk during crises …

We develop and estimate a dynamic model of risk-shifting over the business cycle. First, equity holders with Epstein …-Zin preferences increase their taking of idiosyncratic risk substantially more than the standard model in repeated games, because they … "synchronized'' idiosyncratic risk. Third, combined with high market risk premium in the bad states, the clustered risk …