AbstractFama and French (2006) use the dividend discount model to develop the joint role of three variables – expected profitability, expected investment and current BM – in predicting future stock returns. One reported empirical result is anomalous. The valuation model establishes that the...

Non-standard errors capture uncertainty due to variation in research design choices. We study the importance of differential design choices in constructing asset pricing factors. By purposely data mining over 250 different versions of each factor, we find that Sharpe ratios exhibit substantial...