The purposes of this paper are three: First, we provide an overview of the reinbursement policy situation across the country, emphasizing common elements that have emerged since the earlier article, but also providing a more detailed description of current policy in a subset of provinces....

During the past few years the landscape of Canadian physician reimbursement policy has undergone dramatic changes. Rapidly eroding fiscal environments for provincial (and federal) governments have forced provinces to "get serious" about controlling a significant, previously uncontrolled budget...

In this paper we review and extend an earlier, in-depth analysis of the effects of users ccharges. The present paper assesses whether experience and published literature in the years since 1979 alter any of the (largely negative) conclusions of the earlier study concerning the ability of direct...

The year 1981 appears, in retrospect, to have been something of a turning point in the evolution of the Canadian health care system. It was not obvious at the time -- the year did not, 1961 or 1971, mark the completion of a clearly defined stage of public coverage or, like 1978, a major shift in...

In this paper we examine some of the most frequently heard arguments for user charges and look at what evidence there is for claims and counter-claims that are often made.

Since the late 1960s, concerns over the escalating costs of health care have been expressed with increasing vigor on both sides of the Canada-United States border. This is in sharp contrast with the previous 20 years, during which the principal policy concern was to "meet needs" by finding ways...

What is capital? capital is commitment. It can take many forms, including bricks and mortar (physical), trained health care personnel (human), and reseach and development activities (intangible). Capital investment decisions in the health care "industry" seem howver to be relatively inflexible...

The simple story of Canadian hospital financing --- single-source (tax-based) public funding through provincial Ministries of Health to individual institutions through prospective global budgets -- offers a relatively accurate general picture which, nevertheless, masks both...

The Canadian and American health care systems differ in three fundamental structure respects: entitlement, management, and environment. Fundamental philosophical differences in the two societies have their outcomes in the different approaches to, and results of , extending entitlement to...

Calls for user fees in Canadian health care go back as far as the debate leading up to the establishment of Canada's national hospital insurance program in the late 1950s. Although the rationales have shifted around somewhat, some of the more consistent claims have been that user fees are...