This paper examines whether CRA incentives were influential regarding the large increase in lending to lower-income communities through the 1990s and early 2000s. The approach capitalizes on the fact that, because the CRA does not apply to all lenders in all locations, the regulations establish...

This study examines the issue of whether CRA-related events impact the securityprices of banking institutions involved in mergers. While previous research hasestablished that bank shareholders experience a significant permanent loss of wealth uponthe announcement of a CRA protest, the current...

Lenders have increasingly responded to regulatory and public pressures to provide credit to lower-income and minority communities by entering into CRA agreements, which typically involve pledges to extend a certain volume of lending to targeted groups and communities. This paper considers the...