We provide new evidence of vertical foreclosure in the U.S. cable television market, primarily using a 2004 database of 680 cable systems. Focusing on four program network groups (basic outdoor entertainment, basic cartoon, basic movie, and premium movie), we find that more frequent carriage of...

Empirical research about the effects of vertical integration in cable television suggests that in spite of differences in the economic architectures of cable and Internet broadband, integrated ISPs have economic incentives in some realistic circumstances to favor vertically integrated content...