By decomposing asset returns into potential maximum gain (PMG) and potential maximum loss (PML) with price extremes, this study empirically investigated the relationships between PMG and PML. We found significant asymmetry between PMG and PML. PML significantly contributed to forecasting PMG but...

Financialization of carbon market and global economy have made the fluctuation of carbon emission allowance prices vulnerable to international shocks and risk management become more and more complicated for both investors and fossil fuel consumption enterprises. Based on studying the ergodicity...

This article investigates returns and volatility linkages among stock markets, including emerging Asian (e.g., India, China, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Philippine, and South Korea) stock markets and developed (e.g., United States, United Kingdom, Japan, and Singapore) stock markets. During the sample...

Japanese candlestick has been widely used in investment practice, however its predicting power has not yet been scrutinized in academic literature. This paper investigates the forecasting power of Japanese candlestick augumented by Halloween effect in stock returns. Empirical studies performed...