. This paper empirically examines (a) the statistical properties of the Korea's representative implied volatility index … volatility process of the index, using augmented heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) models with exogenous covariates. The results … macroeconomic variables explain the VKOSPI. More importantly, we find that the stock market return and implied volatility index of …

(low) and bull (high) regimes. Bear regime (1) leads across the 6 election horizons with lower volatility while the bull … regime (2) records higher volatility in addition to more positive returns. Specifically, presidential election impacts …

We examined volatility spillover effects from five prominent global stock markets to India's stock market during the … and compare the results pre-and-post COVID-19. Results show that previous period news and volatility feeds the next period …'s volatility significantly and the volatility is found to be persistent. The analysis also shows that during the pre-COVID period …