We examine the process of stock prices adjusting to information conveyed by the trading process. Using the price impact of a trade to measure its information content, our analysis shows that the weekly price impact of market transactions has significant cross-sectional predictive power for...

Investors demand higher premiums from firms whose future performance in R&D is difficult to evaluate. We construct a measure that captures investors' evaluation of a firm's R&D information quality (RDIQ) by linking a firm's historical innovation input (R&D expenditures) and innovation outcome...