The aim of this study is to examine whether securitized real estate returns reflect direct real estate returns or general stock market returns using international data for the U.S., U.K., and Australia. In contrast to previous research, which has generally relied on overall real estate market...

This research contributes to a better assessment of risk factors impacting non-listed real estate fund returns. Both macroeconomic and fund-specific factors are considered, additionally taking into account the phase of the real estate cycle. Using a rich database of fund-level data for Europe,...

For most of the past decades, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region has experienced rapid expansion, driven largely by increasing energy revenues, and growth-focused government policies. As the region's population increases in size, and becomes wealthier and more urbanized, significant...

The firm's inventory-sales ratio prices exposure to the housing cycle with a predictable sign. The buyer of a new home holds a pre-construction contract at a guaranteed price with the right to cancel at any date up to delivery. The demand for contracts rises with falling user costs while lot...

This paper documents that development exposure is an important determinant of private real estate returns and market risk exposure. It also documents that open-end private real estate funds have time-varying, procyclical market risk exposure through their development activities. As such, these...

For the last several years, the price of listed real estate stocks has been unusually high relative to dividends. We explore whether low interest rates or low risk premia can account for the high valuation ratios and find that they cannot. Lower interest rates have been offset by rising risk...

Analyzing a hand-collected loan level database of heterogeneous REIT borrowings and controlling for REIT risk and loan collateral as well as endogeneity of access to public debt markets, we find that mortgage loans include a rate premium to compensate banks for monitoring. Access to public debt...

This study examines the sensitivity of equity REIT returns to time-varying MSA allocations of REIT property portfolios. Using a large sample of individual commercial property holdings, we find significant cross-sectional and time variation in REIT geographic exposures and the ability of these...

We provide a systematic study of how financial and real estate uncertainty affect the aggregate return performance of the US REIT market from 1972 to 2017. A temporal causality analysis reveals a negative uncertainty impact on REIT returns. The asset pricing analysis confirms a negative relation...

The European economic integration and the financialization of the real estate certainly brought enormous contributions for the investment in this class of asset, on the other hand, the faster propagation of the shocks and the sudden corrections of markets become serious subjects. The aim of this...