In a series of classic works, most notably The Visible Hand (1977) and Scale and Scope (1990), Alfred Chandler focused the spotlight on the large, vertically integrated corporation, which emerged in the late nineteenth century to replace what had been a fragmented and localized structure of...

In The Visible Hand (1977) and subsequent works, Alfred Chandler chronicled the rise of the large vertically integrated corporation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. On one reading, The Visible Hand is about the response of business institutions to the conditions of a...