We develop a technique that incorporates the instrumental variable method into a causal tree to correct for potential endogeneity biases in heterogeneous treatment effect analysis using observational studies. The resulting instrumental variable tree approach partitions subjects into subgroups...

One of the most important changes to the United States health care system over the last two decades is the emergence of pay-for-performance as a way to encourage hospitals and other providers to improve quality of care. Unlike fee-for-service, these value-based purchasing programs measure...

One of the most important changes to the United States health care system over the last two decades is the emergence of pay-for-performance as a way to encourage hospitals and other providers to improve quality of care. Unlike fee-for-service, these value-based purchasing programs measure...