This study aims to explore the impact of changing the number of shipping lines on ports' charges and profits. A two-stage non-cooperative game-theoretic model is developed with two ports and multiple identical shipping lines. At the first stage, the ports decide their container handling charges....

This study examines the effect of changes in the number of shipping lines on port charges and profits. A two-stage noncooperative game-theoretic model with two ports and multiple identical shipping lines is developed. In the first stage, the ports decide their container handling charges, and in...