The availability of child-care services has often been advocated as one of the instruments to counter the fertility … increased the supply of child-care services. In this paper we examine if immigration has actually affected fertility exploiting … by immigrant women has positively affected native fertility. …

special attention to estimating how intended fertility (fertility before children are born) responds to these policies. We use … two evaluation tools: (i) a dynamic model on fertility, labor supply, outsourced childcare time, parental time, asset … expenditure to increase fertility to the replacement level might be viewed as prohibitively high. …

combination of purchased and own care, the effect of income on fertility is ambiguous, even if quantity of children is a normal … income effect on fertility is positive when quantity is a normal good. (iii) If, on the other hand, there only is own care …, there is a different kind of quantity quality trade off. The income effect on fertility is positive if quantity is a closer …