measured by age-specific birth and mortality rates, focusing on a nationwide socialized medicine program implemented in Turkey … and over time. Our estimates indicate that the FMP caused large declines in mortality rates across all age groups with … teenagers. Furthermore, the results are suggestive that the program has also contributed towards equalization in the mortality …

In this paper we analyze if an `urban mortality penalty' exists for today's developing countries, repeating the history …-Saharan African countries for differences in child and adult mortality between rural and urban areas. Our findings indicate that child … mortality is higher in rural areas for almost all countries. On average child mortality rates are 13.6 percent in rural areas …

disparities in mortality in Finland,where the tracking age was raised from 11 to 16 in the 1970s. We use a difference …-in-differences approach that exploits the gradual rollout of the reform. We find that late tracking did reduce disparities in mortality around … at the cost of increased mortality among men who grew up in high-income families. This raises questions about the welfare …