. Parenthood imposes a greater mental health burden on mothers than on fathers. It creates a long-run gender gap in antidepressant …. Supporting this interpretation, matched adoptive mothers (who do not experience the biological impacts of childbirth) also … encounter substantial parenthood penalties. Moreover, mothers who invest more in childcare (by taking extended maternity leave …

imposes a greater mental health burden on mothers than on fathers. It creates a long-run gender gap in antidepressant … differential help-seeking behavior across the sexes or postpartum depression. Instead, they are related to mothers' higher … investments in childcare: Mothers who take extended maternity leave in quasi-experimental settings are more likely to face mental …

imposes a greater mental health burden on mothers than on fathers. It creates a long-run gender gap in antidepressant … differential help-seeking behavior across the sexes or postpartum depression. Instead, they are related to mothers' higher … investments in childcare: Mothers who take extended maternity leave in quasi-experimental settings are more likely to face mental …

the fact that only mothers whose child is born in or after July 2015 are eligible for the new part-time PL option in a … Difference-in-Differences strategy. We find that the policy increased the probability that high income mothers return to work … during the first year after child birth by 2.1 - 2.8pp (≈ 15 - 20%). However, the policy does not impact maternal employment …

mobility in education, stems from heterogeneity in the effects of the policies: children of mothers with fewer years of … education benefit more. As a potential mechanism, we find that the policies increased mothers' time investments in children and …

on children’s and parents’ outcomes. We document that paternity leave causes fathers to become more important for …In this paper we use a parental leave reform directed towards fathers to identify the causal effects of paternity leave … than the mother. We find no evidence that fathers’ earnings and work hours are affected by paternity leave. Contrary to …

While workplace flexibility is perceived to be a key determinant of maternal labor supply, less is known about fathers … presence at home as a function of domestic stochastic shocks, and use variation from a Swedish reform that granted new fathers … physical postpartum health complications and improves her mental health. Our results suggest that mothers bear the burden from …

While workplace flexibility is perceived to be a key determinant of maternal labor supply, less is known about fathers … presence at home as a function of domestic stochastic shocks, and use variation from a Swedish reform that granted new fathers … physical postpartum health complications and improves her mental health. Our results suggest that mothers bear the burden from …

While workplace flexibility is perceived to be a key determinant of maternal labor supply, less is known about fathers … presence at home as a function of domestic stochastic shocks, and use variation from a Swedish reform that granted new fathers … physical postpartum health complications and improves her mental health. Our results suggest that mothers bear the burden from …

non-married cohabiting parents. This effect results from a reduced risk of single parenthood among women who gained from … the reform are consistent with hypotheses related to the improved financial situation of new mothers after the reform and …