A double disadvantage occurs when the interaction of two disadvantages generates an additional disadvantage. We show that second-generation immigrant children in the Italian primary school experience a double disadvantage that, relative to the average native, reduces scores in Italian by 17% and...

The present paper analyses the probability of night work among Italian females. Using data from the 2010 LFS our results indicate that in Italy women's choices are affected by family structure: the probability of working at night is lower when children are less than two years of age, but it...