Explores issues in financing retirement, from fundamental changes in types of pension plans offered to pension funds' investment strategies following the global financial crisis. Focuses in particular on the adequacy of individuals' and institutions' plans in the face of increasing life...

This study compares average earnings and productivities for men and women employed in roughly 200,000 Chinese industrial enterprises. Women’s average wages lag behind men’s wages by 11%, and this result is robust to the inclusion of non-wage income in the form of social insurance payments....