unions are remarkable: unions in the workplace significantly improve productivity but reduce enterprise profitability …

and wages, employment, productivity, and economic output in China. The findings indicate that union density does not … affect average wage levels, but is positively associated with aggregate productivity and output. We discuss if and to what …

role of rising rates of investment. Because labor reallocation across sectors, TFP growth at the sector level and … investment are all inter-related, simple growth decompositions that are often used in the literature are not appropriate for … continues to absorb more than half of all fixed investment. If capital had been allocated efficiently, China could have achieved …