pt. 1. Two models of expansion without borders : the European Mediterraneans -- pt. 2. Early outlines of an Asian Mediterranean : the predominance of tributary trade -- pt. 3. The overlapping of Western and Asian trading networks -- pt. 4. The arena of re-globalisation : the second birth of the...

"Offering a fresh analysis of late imperial China, this cutting-edge book revisits the roles played by merchant networks, economic institutions, and business practices in the divergence between Europe and China during the trade revolution. Focusing on the operating modes of three major regional...

Mediterranean is a powerful concept, elaborated by Braudel in his seminal study on The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II. It encompasses economic, social and cultural dimensions. In the fourteenth century, Genoa, Venice, Barcelona were global places, controlling...

This working paper examines the evolution of Chinese cities and the challenges they are currently facing. It aims to identify possible patterns of urbanisation in the next forty years. The first part analyses the transformation of Chinese cities as a consequence of the economic policies...