Relying on mirror foreign trade statistics and their reconciliation with official data on balance of payments, two economists demonstrate the important role of bazaars as major conduits of trade in Central Asia, and particularly of Kyrgyz bazaars for the entry of Chinese consumer goods into the...

Kazakhstan is an upper-middle income, resource rich country. Its ascent to upper-middle income status was propelled by rising oil production and booming oil prices which pushed the average annual rate to above 7 percent during 2000-2013. The halving of world oil prices and lower export demand...

Although Central Asian countries such as Kyrgyzstan have promised to work with Chinese companies as they show growing interest in entering the region in light of the Belt and Road Initiative, considerable risks remain. Systemic political fragility and growing anti-China public sentiment in...