Reconciling the two dominant development models of the Washington Consensus (WC) and Beijing Model (BM) remains a critical challenge in the literature. The challenge is even more demanding when emerging development paradigms like the Liberal Institutional Pluralism (LIP) and New Structural...

The “Beijing Consensus” (BC) as a concept has been utilised to distinguish China's economic development experience from the “Washington Consensus” (WC), the policy toolkit offered to developing countries by Washington-based international organisations. This paper posits that recent...

For the past 40 years, the most dynamic economies in the world were China and India. From approx. 5% of US GDP level, China grows to 26% and India to 11% of current US levels. The ratio of foreign trade to GDP is similar for both countries as well as capital flows to GDP. So why did China...

Having already been growing in importance for a number of years, geopolitics as it relates to the Global South has become tremendously more relevant following Russia’s aggression in Ukraine in 2022. Rivalries with China are set to become even more influential in future, determining...