Over-estimated trade surplus -- On trade surplus from property rights -- Describing China's economic scale -- Foreign trade dependence and trade weighted method -- Standard for assessing exchange rate -- Stabilizing the currency and manipulating the exchange rate -- Origin and development of the...

China's exchange-rate policy has been under attack in the last years, especially in the United States. Now the critique of Beijing's policy is coming from Europe as well, and Chinese authorities are accused of boosting its own export, at others expense, by keeping its currency below its real...

Despite the improvements in the overall U.S. trade balance in the latter half of the 1980s, the U.S. trade deficit with China has widened significantly. This article investigates the factors underlying this growing deficit and analyzes how growth in imports from China has affected the pattern of...